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Aluminum chloride

氯化铝

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: 237051
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Soluble and Solid Iron Reduction Assays with Desulfitobacterium hafniense
Author:
Date:
2018-09-05
[Abstract]  There is a pressing need to develop sustainable and efficient methods to protect and stabilize iron objects. To develop a conservation-restoration method for corroded iron objects, this bio-protocol presents the steps to investigate reductive dissolution of ferric iron and biogenic production of stabilizing ferrous iron minerals in the strict anaerobe Desulfitobacterium hafniense (strains TCE1 and LBE). We investigated iron reduction using three different Fe(III) sources: Fe(III)-citrate (a soluble phase), akaganeite (solid iron phase), and corroded coupons. This protocol describes a method that combines spectrophotometric quantification of the complex Fe(II)-Ferrozine® with mineral characterization by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. These three ... [摘要]  迫切需要开发可持续和有效的方法来保护和稳定铁制物体。为了开发腐蚀铁物体的保护 - 恢复方法,该生物方案提出了研究严格厌氧菌[Desulfitobacterium hafniense (菌株TCE1)中三价铁的还原溶解和稳定亚铁矿物质的生物产生的步骤。和LBE)。我们使用三种不同的Fe(III)来源研究了铁还原:Fe(III) - 柠檬酸盐(可溶相),akaganeite(固体铁相)和腐蚀的试样。该协议描述了一种方法,该方法结合了复杂的Fe(II)-Ferrozine ®的分光光度定量,通过扫描电子显微镜和拉曼光谱进行矿物表征。这三种方法可以评估三价铁的还原溶解和生物矿物质生产,作为开发一种创新的可持续方法来稳定腐蚀铁的有希望的替代方法。

【背景】自铁器时代以来,铁已被用于生产日常用具。因此,考古学上的铁试验是过去极其重要的证据,应予以保留。然而,由于其反应性,铁容易被腐蚀并且考古铁物体可能被完全损坏。埋藏时,铁制品会根据埋葬地点的环境条件形成复杂的腐蚀层。挖掘后,条件发生变化,腐蚀层变得不稳定。为避免完全破坏,考古铁制物需要快速稳定处理。目前,可用的稳定化处理不能提供长期保护并且具有实质性缺点,例如毒性,低效率和大量废物的产生(Scott和Eggert,2009; Rimmer 等人, 2012)。因此,有必要开发新技术来稳定考古铁器。

越来越多地考虑利用微生物代谢来开发更有效,可持续和环保的保护 ...

Detection of Alternative Oxidase Expression in Arabidopsis thaliana Protoplasts Treated with Aluminium
Author:
Date:
2015-07-05
[Abstract]  Aluminium (Al), a non-essential metal widespread in the environment that is known to be toxic to humans as well as to plants, can cause damage not only to the roots but also to the aerial parts of plants. Its toxicity has been recognized as one of the major factors that limit crop production on acid soil. Alternative oxidase, the respiratory terminal oxidase in plants, which contributes to maintain the electron flux and reduce mitochondrial ROS levels, is often dramatically induced to make plants to adapt better to stress conditions like Al stress. In this protocol, the expression of alternative oxidase induced by Al treatment was detected in Arabidopsis protoplasts using an adaptation of previous methods (Yamamoto et al., 2002; Li et al., 2011; Liu et al. ... [摘要]  铝(Al),一种已知对人类以及对植物有毒的环境中普遍存在的非必需金属,不仅对根而且对植物的地上部分都造成损害。 其毒性已被认为是限制作物在酸性土壤上生产的主要因素之一。 替代氧化酶,植物中的呼吸末端氧化酶,有助于维持电子通量和降低线粒体ROS水平,经常被显着诱导,使植物更好地适应应力条件,如铝胁迫。 在该方案中,使用先前方法的改编,在拟南芥原生质体中检测由A1处理诱导的替代氧化酶的表达(Yamamoto等人,2002; et al。,2011; Liu et al。,2014),它们有助于研究Al处理中替代氧化酶的机制。

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