| Measurements of Root Colonized Bacteria Species
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Author:
Date:
2021-04-05
[Abstract] Root-associated bacteria are able to influence plant fitness and vigor. A key step in understanding the belowground plant-bacteria interactions is to quantify root colonization by the bacteria of interest. Probably, genetic engineering with fluorescence markers is the most powerful way to monitor bacterial strains in plant. However, this could have some collateral problems and some strains can be challenging to label. In this sense, bacterial inoculation under properly controlled conditions can enable reliable and reproducible quantification of natural bacterial strains. In this protocol, we describe a detailed procedure for quantification of root-associated bacteria. This method applies non-aggressive samples processed with morphological identification and PCR-based genetic ...
[摘要] [摘要]根系相关细菌能够影响植物的健康和活力。理解地下植物与细菌相互作用的关键步骤是量化目标细菌的根定植。也许，用荧光标记基因工程是监测植物细菌菌株的最有力的方式，但是这可能有一些担保的问题，有些菌株可被有挑战性的标签。从这个意义上说，在适当控制的条件下接种细菌可以对天然细菌菌株进行可靠且可重复的定量。在此协议中，我们描述了用于定量根相关细菌的详细程序。此方法适用于非侵略性样本处理编 形态鉴定和基于PCR的遗传指纹图谱。这种易于遵循的方案适用于研究在人工培养基或土壤中生长的植物的细菌定植。
[背景] ：植物中天然活与在根际，这是指土壤附着在根的薄层各种土壤细菌。虽然有些根瘤菌对植物没有可观察到的作用，但其他根瘤菌是引起有害作用的病原体或促进植物活力的生长性根瘤菌（PGPR）（Mendes等人，2013; Olanrewaju等人，2019）。细菌病原体或PGPR影响植物生长的能力与其细菌根定殖水平紧密相关。因此，细菌根定殖的研究是了解地下植物与细菌相互作用的重要踏脚石。
可以通过可视化荧光信号来评估细菌菌株的丰度，方法是对其进行修饰以表达编码诸如GFP的荧光蛋白的转基因标记基因（Rochat等，2010; Krzyzanowska等，2012; Saad等，2018）。 ...
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| Expression and Purification of the GRAS Domain of Os-SCL7 from Rice for Structural Studies
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Author:
Date:
2017-02-05
[Abstract] GRAS proteins, named after the first three members GAI, RGA and SRC, has been found in 294 embryophyta species and is represented by 1,035 sequences. They belong to a plant-specific protein family and play essential roles in plant growth and development. Proteins in this family are defined as minimally containing a conserved GRAS domain, which is about 350-450 resides and can be subdivided into five distinct motifs with their name derived from the most prominent amino acids: LRI (leucine-rich region I), VHIID, LRII (leucine-rich region II), PFYRE and SAW and mainly function in the interaction between GRAS proteins and their partners (Sun et al., 2012).By phylogenetic analysis, the GRAS family can be divided into more than ten subfamilies, of which SCL4/7 is one important subgroup ...
[摘要] 以前3个成员GAI，RGA和SRC命名的GRAS蛋白质已被发现在294个胚胎种，并由1,035个序列表示。它们属于植物特异性蛋白质家族，在植物生长和发育中起重要作用。该家族中的蛋白质被定义为最低限度地含有保守的GRAS结构域，其约为350-450个，并且可以细分为五个不同的基序，其名称源自最突出的氨基酸：LRI（富含亮氨酸的区域I），VHIID ，LRII（富含亮氨酸的区域II），PFYRE和SAW，并且主要在GRAS蛋白质与其配偶体之间的相互作用中起作用（Sun等人，2012）。通过系统发育分析，GRAS家族可以分为十多个亚科，其中SCL4 / 7是一个重要的亚组，对应对环境压力有作用。这里我们描述了Os-SCL7（水稻SCL4 / 7成员）的GRAS结构域的表达和纯化的详细方案，使我们能够使其结晶并确定其结构。
背景 GRAS蛋白是一个大家族，在植物发育和信号转导中起重要作用。结果表明，一些家庭成员如DELLAs起到GA响应植物生长的抑制作用，是GA信号通路（Murase等人，2008）中的关键调控目标，NSP1和NSP2起重要作用在调节结瘤发育和信号传导（Kaló等人，2005）中，蛋白质SCR和SHR一起在控制根和芽的径向图案中起重要作用（Helariutta et ...
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| A Protocol to Measure the Cytoplasmic Calcium in Arabidopsis Guard Cells
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Author:
Date:
2015-05-05
[Abstract] Cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca2+]cyt) acts as a stimulus-induced second messenger in multiple signal transduction cascades (Allen et al., 1999). In plant cells, a dramatic and readily assayed response to stimulus is the change of stomatal aperture. Changes in [Ca2+]cyt of stomatal guard cells were involved in stomatal movement in response to various stimuli and cellular processes. In general, there are two available ways to measure [Ca2+]cyt in guard cells, i.e., loading of calcium-sensitive fluorescence dyes such as fluo-3 AM and fura-2 or expressing genetically encoded calcium indicators such as yellow cameleon (Krebs et al., 2012). In this protocol, we aim at describing the experimental procedure to ...
[摘要] 细胞质钙（[Ca 2+] + cyt）在多个信号转导级联中用作刺激诱导的第二信使（Allen等人， 1999）。在植物细胞中，对刺激的戏剧性和容易测定的响应是气孔孔径的变化。气孔保卫细胞的[Ca + ] 细胞的变化参与响应于各种刺激和细胞过程的气孔运动。一般来说，有两种可用的方法来测量保护细胞中的钙离子荧光染料的加载量，即 例如fluo-3AM和fura-2或表达遗传编码的钙指示剂例如黄色卡梅伦（Krebs等人，2012）。在该方案中，我们旨在描述在ABA或PA处理时加载fluo-3AM的保卫细胞中记录[Ca 2 cyT 用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜进行荧光成像。
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