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ECL Plus Western Blotting Substrate

Pierce TM ECL Plus Western Blotting Substrate

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 32132
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Cell-free Generation of COPII-coated Procollagen I Carriers
Author:
Date:
2017-11-20
[Abstract]  The aim of this protocol is to generate COPII-coated procollagen I (PC1) carriers in a cell-free reaction. The COPII-coated PC1 carriers were reconstituted from donor membrane, cytosol, purified recombinant COPII proteins, and nucleotides. This protocol describes the preparation of donor membrane and cytosol, the assembly of the reaction, and the isolation and detection of reconstituted COPII-coated carriers. This cell-free reaction can be used to test conditions that stimulate or suppress the packaging of PC1 into COPII-coated carriers. [摘要]  该协议的目的是在无细胞反应中产生COPII包被的前胶原I(PC1)载体。 COPII包被的PC1载体由供体膜,胞质溶胶,纯化的重组COPII蛋白和核苷酸重构。 该方案描述了供体膜和细胞溶胶的制备,反应的组装,以及复制的COPII包被的载体的分离和检测。 该无细胞反应可用于测试刺激或抑制PC1包装成COPII包被的载体的条件。
【背景】外壳蛋白复合体II(COPII)在从内质网(ER)途径到高尔基体的运输中起着至关重要的作用。来自ER的货物运输所需的基因在酵母的基因研究中被发现,并且借助于添加有纯化组分的无细胞囊泡萌芽反应来阐明囊泡出芽所需基因的蛋白质产物的精确作用(Novick 1981; Kaiser等人,1990; Barlowe等人,1994)。开发了类似的反应来检测COPII在培养的哺乳动物细胞中来自ER的货物运输中的作用(Kim等人,2005)。哺乳动物COPII包被的囊泡直径大约为80-100nm,似乎太小以至于不能容纳诸如刚性的300nm前胶原I(PC1)三股螺旋杆的大分泌性货物。尽管可能的尺寸差异,COPII对于包括PC1在内的大型货物的分泌是必不可少的(Boyadjiev等人,2006)。最近,我们报道了通过随机光学重建显微镜(STORM),相关光电子显微镜(CLEM)和活细胞成像(Gorur ...

Measurement of RNA-induced PKR Activation in vitro
Author:
Date:
2017-03-20
[Abstract]  Protein kinase R (PKR) is one of the key RNA-activated sensors for innate immunity. PKR is activated by pathogenic or aberrant RNAs such as short double-stranded RNAs or those with imperfect secondary structures, as well as a reduction in the amount and number of RNA modifications. Activation of PKR may be an underlying mechanism for the pathogenesis of human diseases. In this protocol, I describe a method for studying levels of RNA-induced PKR activation in vitro. [摘要]  蛋白激酶R(PKR)是先天免疫的核心RNA激活传感器之一。 PKR由致病性或异常RNA如短双链RNA或具有不完全二级结构的RNA激活,以及RNA修饰的量和数量的减少。 PKR的激活可能是人类疾病发病机制的潜在机制。在本协议中,我描述了一种在体外研究RNA诱导的PKR激活水平的方法。

背景 PKR是四种哺乳动物激酶之一,其响应于应激信号磷酸化真核起始因子2-α亚基(eIF2α)。 PKR主要是响应于病毒感染而激活(Holcik和Sonenberg,2005)。 PKR是识别和结合病原RNA的先天免疫的关键组成部分。 RNA与PKR的相互作用促进并稳定其二聚化。然后PKR经历自身磷酸化,随后磷酸化eIF2α以切断一般翻译,同时激活下游信号级联,包括增加的ATF4应激反应转录因子的翻译(Hinnebusch,2005)。
 已知PKR被短双链RNA激活(Manche等人,1992; Zheng和Bevilacqua,2004)以及具有一些不完全二级结构的RNA,例如发夹环(Bevilacqua 等人,1998)。此外,RNA生物发生缺陷,包括较低水平的m ...

DNA Slot Blot Repair Assay
Author:
Date:
2015-04-20
[Abstract]  Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces helix distorting photolesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproducts (6-4PP) which threaten genomic integrity if unrepaired. In mammals, nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the only pathway that removes UV-induced DNA damages. Here we describe DNA slot blot repair assay for quantitative detection of NER activity using DNA damage specific antibodies such as anti-CPD and anti-6-4PP. Briefly, genomic DNA irradiated with UV was isolated from cells, and the genomic DNA was vacuum-transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane using a Bio-Dot SF microfiltration apparatus (Bio-Rad). A monoclonal antibody that recognizes CPD or 6-4PP was applied to detect the remaining amount of photolesions in the genomic DNA. For ... [摘要]  紫外线(UV)照射诱导螺旋扭曲光致损伤,例如环丁烷嘧啶二聚体(CPD)和嘧啶 - 嘧啶酮(6-4)光产物(6-4PP),如果未修复则威胁基因组完整性。 在哺乳动物中,核苷酸切除修复(NER)是去除UV诱导的DNA损伤的唯一途径。 在这里我们描述DNA狭缝印迹修复测定NER活性使用DNA损伤特异性抗体如抗CPD和抗6-4PP的定量检测。 简言之,从细胞中分离用UV照射的基因组DNA,使用Bio-Dot SF微量过滤装置(Bio-Rad)将基因组DNA真空转移到硝酸纤维素膜上。 应用识别CPD或6-4PP的单克隆抗体来检测基因组DNA中残留的光损伤量。 对于均匀负载的上样控制,可以通过SYBR金染色进一步分析DNA在膜上。

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