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Reporter Lysis 5X Buffer

报告分解酶5X缓冲液

Company: Promega
Catalog#: E3971
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Infection of Caenorhabditis elegans with Vesicular Stomatitis Virus via Microinjection
Author:
Date:
2017-11-20
[Abstract]  Over the past 15 years, the free-living nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans has become an important model system for exploring eukaryotic innate immunity to bacterial and fungal pathogens. More recently, infection models using either natural or non-natural nematode viruses have also been established in C. elegans. These models offer new opportunities to use the nematode to understand eukaryotic antiviral defense mechanisms. Here we report protocols for the infection of C. elegans with a non-natural viral pathogen, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) through microinjection. We also describe how recombinant VSV strains encoding fluorescent or luciferase reporter genes can be used in conjunction with simple fluorescence-, survival-, and luminescence-based assays to ... [摘要]  在过去的15年中,线虫自由生活已经成为探索真核细菌和真菌病原体真核免疫的重要模型系统。 最近,使用天然或非天然线虫病毒的感染模型也已经在C中建立。线虫。 这些模型提供了使用线虫了解真核抗病毒防御机制的新机会。 在这里,我们报告感染的协议。 线虫与非天然病毒病原体,水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)通过显微注射。 我们还描述了编码荧光或萤光素酶报告基因的重组VSV毒株如何与简单的基于荧光,存活和发光的分析结合使用来鉴定宿主遗传背景,并对病毒感染有不同的易感性。

【背景】由于它的遗传易用性,体积小,文化价廉,透明的身体,自由生活的线虫秀丽隐杆线虫作为模式生物提供了许多优点。此外,C的易感性。线虫对人类多种细菌和真菌病原体的作用使得这种蠕虫成为研究微生物发病机制的有吸引力的系统(Zhang和Hou,2013; Cohen and Troemel,2015)。最近,发现了正义ssRNA奥赛病毒(OV)作为第一种天然的病毒病原体。线虫已经提示使用OV- C。 elegans 模型来定义线虫抗病毒防御机制(Felix等人,2011; Gammon,2017)。这些研究已经证明了线虫抗病毒RNA干扰途径组分如Dicer相关解旋酶1(DRH-1)在限制病毒复制中的明确作用(Ashe等人,2013)。

为了补充OV模型系统,我们最近报道了新一代病毒的产生。使用反义ssRNA水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)(Gammon等人,2017)的线虫模型。用VSV感染野生型(N2)蠕虫是致命的,虽然抗病毒反应(例如突变体,drh-1突变体)突变体缺陷会更快地感染感染(Gammon ...

Affinofile Assay for Identifying Macrophage-Tropic HIV-1
Author:
Date:
2014-07-20
[Abstract]  The ability to enter monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) in vitro is commonly used to define macrophage-tropic HIV-1 despite the fact that viruses vary continuously in their ability to enter MDMs in vitro, and MDMs vary in their ability to support HIV-1 entry (Joseph et al., 2014; Peters et al., 2006). This makes it difficult to distinguish viruses that are adapted to replicating in macrophage from those that are adapted to replicating in T cells. We use the Affinofile cell line ( Johnston et al., 2009) to assay for macrophage tropism by capitalizing on the fact that macrophage-tropic HIV-1 has an enhanced ability to enter cells expressing low levels of CD4 (Joseph et al., 2014; Peters et al., 2006; Duenas-Decamp et al., ... [摘要]  体外进入单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞(MDM)的能力通常用于定义巨噬细胞向性HIV-1,尽管事实上病毒在体外进入MDM的能力不断变化。/em>,并且MDMs支持HIV-1进入的能力不同(Joseph等人,2014; Peters等人,2006)。这使得难以将适于在巨噬细胞中复制的病毒与适于在T细胞中复制的病毒区分开。我们使用Affinofile细胞系(Johnston等人,2009)通过利用巨噬细胞嗜性HIV-1具有增强的进入表达低水平CD4的细胞的能力的事实来测定巨噬细胞趋向性(Joseph等人,2014; Peters等人,2006; Duenas-Decamp等人,2009; Dunfee等人et al。,2006; Gorry et al。,2002; Martin-Garcia et al。,2006; Peters et al。, ,2004),并且亲和素细胞可以被诱导以表达宽范围的CD4密度(Johnston等人,2009)。我们诱导Affinofile细胞表达高或低CD4,用假型报告病毒感染那些细胞,并且量化在低CD4相对于高CD4的感染性的百分比感染性。巨噬细胞嗜性病毒在低CD4下具有增强的感染能力。使用这种方法,我们已经发现HIV-1的巨噬细胞向性菌株相对稀少,并且大多数HIV-1变体需要高水平的CD4进入细胞,我们称为R5 T细胞向性的表型。

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