| Aorta Atherosclerosis Lesion Analysis in Hyperlipidemic Mice
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Author:
Date:
2016-06-05
[Abstract] Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of large and medium-sized arteries. Apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice are used as experimental models to study human atherosclerosis. ApoE-/- mice are constitutively hyperlipidemic and develop intima plaques that resemble human plaques. Various issues including experimental design for lesion analysis, dietary conditions, isolation of the aorta, staining methods, morphometry, group size, age, the location within the arterial tree, and statistical analyses are important parameters that need to be addressed to obtain robust data. Here, we provide detailed methods to quantify aorta atherosclerosis.
[摘要] 动脉粥样硬化是大和中等大小动脉的慢性炎性疾病。 载脂蛋白E缺陷（ApoE -/-/- ）小鼠用作实验模型来研究人动脉粥样硬化。 ApoE -/-/- 小鼠是组成性高脂血症并且发展类似于人噬斑的内膜斑块。 包括病变分析的实验设计，饮食条件，主动脉分离，染色方法，形态测定，组大小，年龄，动脉树内的位置和统计分析的各种问题是需要解决以获得鲁棒数据的重要参数。 在这里，我们提供详细的方法来量化主动脉粥样硬化。
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| In utero Electroporation of the Embryonic Mouse Retina
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Author:
Date:
2014-10-05
[Abstract] This protocol is useful to manipulate gene expression in the embryonic retina and compare the result with the contralateral non electroporated retina. In addition, the electroporation of a membrane or cytoplasmic tagged GFP allows to determine the effects of gene manipulation on the outgrowth of retinal ganglion cell axons (Garcia-Frigola et al., 2007) or simply to follow axon outgrowth in mutant embryos. DNA can be directed to different quadrants of the retina (ventral or dorsally) by modifying the position of the electrodes (Petros et al., 2009; Sánchez-Arrones et al., 2013). After the procedure, embryos are left developing to the desired stage, including postnatal stages.
[摘要] 该方案可用于操纵胚胎视网膜中的基因表达，并将结果与对侧非电穿孔视网膜进行比较。 此外，膜或细胞质标记的GFP的电穿孔允许确定基因操作对视网膜神经节细胞轴突的生长的影响（Garcia-Frigola等人，2007）或简单地遵循突变体胚胎中的轴突生长。 通过修改电极的位置，DNA可以被引导到视网膜的不同象限（腹侧或背侧）（Petros等，2009;Sánchez-Arrones等，2013）。 手术后，胚胎发育到期望的阶段，包括产后阶段。
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| Dissection of Different Areas from Mouse Hippocampus
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Author:
Date:
2013-11-05
[Abstract] The hippocampus modulates a number of modules including memory consolidation, spatial navigation, temporal processing and emotion. A banana-shaped structure, the hippocampus is constituted of morphologically distinct subregions including the dentate gyrus, CA3 and CA1 (here, we do not distinguish the “hippocampus proper” which consists only of CA1, CA3 and smaller CA2 and CA4 areas, from the “hippocampal formation,” composed of these in addition to the dentate gyrus and subiculum). Distinct cell types give rise to unique axonal fiber pathways in the dentate gyrus, CA3 and CA1 subregions; accordingly, these areas may exhibit differential molecular profiles in response to a number of behavioral paradigms and pharmacological and genetic treatments. It is therefore in the interest of the ...
[摘要] 海马调节了许多模块，包括记忆整合，空间导航，时间处理和情感。 香蕉形结构，海马由形态上不同的子区域组成，包括齿状回，CA3和CA1（这里，我们不区分仅由CA1，CA3和较小的CA2和CA4区域组成的“海马属”， “海马形成”，除了齿状回和子宫外还包括这些）。 不同的细胞类型在齿状回，CA3和CA1亚区域产生独特的轴突纤维途径; 因此，这些区域可以响应于许多行为范例和药理学和遗传处理而呈现差异分子谱。 因此，调查人员有兴趣从整个海马剖析一个特定的次区域。 在这里，我们概述了一个关于成年小鼠子区域特异性解剖的方案。
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