| Analysis of Autophagic Activity Using ATG8 Lipidation Assay in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Author:
Date:
2018-06-20
[Abstract] As a fundamental metabolic pathway to degrade and recycle cellular cargos, autophagy is highly induced upon stress, starvation and senescence conditions in plants. A double-membrane structure named autophagosome will form during this process for cargo sequestration and delivery into the vacuole.
A number of regulators have been characterized in plants, including the autophagy-related (ATG) proteins and other plant-specific proteins. Among them, ATG8 will undergo a lipidation process to become a membrane-bound ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine form and mark the growing autophagosomal membrane as well as the completed autophagosome. Therefore, ATG8 has been regarded as a marker for autophagosomes; and biochemical detection of the membrane-associated form of ATG8 is used as one of ...
[摘要] 作为降解和回收细胞货物的基本代谢途径，自噬在植物的胁迫，饥饿和衰老条件下被高度诱导。 在这个过程中，将形成一个称为自噬体的双膜结构，用于货物隔离和输送到液泡中。
已经在植物中表征了许多调控因子，包括自噬相关（ATG）蛋白和其他植物特异性蛋白。 其中，ATG8将经历脂化过程以成为膜结合的ATG8-磷脂酰乙醇胺形式并标记日益增长的自噬体膜以及完成的自噬体。 因此，ATG8被认为是自噬体的标志; 并且膜结合形式的ATG8的生物化学检测被用作测量自噬活性的主要方法之一。 在这里，我们描述了使用拟南芥幼苗检测ATG8-PE形式的ATG8脂化测定法。
【背景】自噬是调节受损细胞器的大量降解和不需要的细胞内容物的基本代谢过程。在自噬过程中，称为自噬体的双膜结构将形成并将货物递送到液泡中以降解。自噬相关蛋白（ATG）需要调节自噬活性（Liu and ...
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| Investigating the Assembly Status of the Plastid Encoded Polymerase Using BN-PAGE and Sucrose Gradient Centrifugation
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Author:
Date:
2016-07-20
[Abstract] The plastid encoded polymerase (PEP) represents a major transcription machinery in mature chloroplasts (Liere et al., 2011; Zhelyazkova et al., 2012). The proper assembly of this multi-subunit complex is important for plant growth and development (Pfalz and Pfannschmidt, 2013). The PEP polymerase can be purified from soluble and from membrane-bound (also named transcriptionally active chromosome, TAC) fractions. Blue Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) and sucrose gradient sedimentation followed by immunoblot analyses is used to detect the status of the PEP complex assembly.
[摘要] 质体编码聚合酶（PEP）代表成熟叶绿体中的主要转录机制（Liere等人，2011; Zhelyazkova等人，2012）。 这种多亚基复合物的正确装配对于植物生长和发育是重要的（Pfalz和Pfannschmidt，2013）。 PEP聚合酶可以从可溶性和膜结合（也称为转录活性染色体，TAC）级分中纯化。 蓝色使用天然聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（BN-PAGE）和蔗糖梯度沉淀，随后进行免疫印迹分析来检测PEP复合物组装体的状态。
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| Cell Fractionation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Author:
Date:
2013-10-05
[Abstract] Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram negative bacterium. Separating the cell envelope compartments enables proteins to be localized to confirm where in the cell they function. Cell fractionation can also provide a first step in a protein purification strategy (Williams et al., 1998). This protocol has been designed to obtain the different fractions of P. aeruginosa, namely the inner membrane, outer membrane, cytoplasmic and periplasmic compartments. Specific detection of the arginine specific autotransporter (AaaA) (Luckett et al., 2012) in the outer membrane of P. aeruginosa has been performed using this protocol.
[摘要] 铜绿假单胞菌是革兰氏阴性细菌。 分离细胞包膜区室使得蛋白质能够被定位以确认它们在细胞中的何处起作用。 细胞分级还可以提供蛋白质纯化策略的第一步（Williams等人，1998）。 该方案已经设计成获得不同比例的P。 铜绿假单胞菌，即内膜，外膜，细胞质和周质区室。 在P的外膜中特异性检测精氨酸特异性自转运体（AaaA）（Luckett等人，2012）。 已经使用该协议进行了铜绿假单胞菌。
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