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Benzonase® Nuclease

Benzonase Nuclease

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: E1014
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Purification of Soluble Recombinant Human Tau Protein from Bacteria Using Double-tag Affinity Purification
Author:
Date:
2018-11-20
[Abstract]  Dysfunction of the microtubule-associated protein Tau (encoded by the MAPT gene) has been implicated in more than twenty neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s. As such, the physiological and disease-relevant functions of Tau have garnered great interest in the research community. One barrier hampering investigations into the functions of Tau and the generation of pharmacological agents targeting Tau has been the difficulty of obtaining soluble Tau protein in purified form. Here, we describe a protocol that uses dual affinity tag purification to selectively purify soluble recombinant Tau protein from bacteria that is functionally active for downstream applications including immunization, microtubule binding assays, and protein-protein interaction studies. [摘要]  微管相关蛋白Tau(由 MAPT 基因编码)的功能障碍已经涉及20多种神经退行性疾病,包括阿尔茨海默病。 因此,Tau的生理和疾病相关功能引起了研究界的极大兴趣。 妨碍对Tau功能的研究和产生靶向Tau的药理学试剂的一个障碍是难以获得纯化形式的可溶性Tau蛋白。 在这里,我们描述了一种方案,该方案使用双亲和标签纯化从细菌中选择性纯化可溶性重组Tau蛋白,所述细菌对于下游应用具有功能活性,包括免疫,微管结合测定和蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用研究。
【背景】Tau传统上被定义为微管结合蛋白;然而,在人类疾病中,Tau可以与轴突微管分离并错误定位到其他神经元区室,包括体细胞,树突和突触,其中与非微管蛋白和结构的相互作用驱动神经元功能障碍(Iqbal et al。 ,2016; Wang和Mandelkow,2016; Zhou et al。,2017; McInnes et al。,2018)。尽管神经原纤维缠结形式的Tau聚集体通常存在于死后患病的脑组织中,但研究表明,可溶性Tau,而不是聚集的Tau,是神经元功能障碍的主要原因(Crimins et al。,2012 ; Polydoro et al。,2014; Koss et al。,2016)。因此,研究Tau在疾病中的可溶性功能,例如鉴定蛋白质 - ...

Hyaluronan Isolation from Mouse Mammary Gland
Author:
Date:
2018-06-05
[Abstract]  The glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) is a key component of the extracellular matrix. The molecular weight of HA is heterogeneous and can reach from several million to several hundred daltons. The effect of HA on cell behavior is size dependent; fragmented HA acts as a danger signal, stimulates cell migration and proliferation and is proinflammatory, native high molecular weight HA suppresses inflammation. Therefore, it is important to analyze HA size distribution when studying the role of HA in tissue homeostasis and pathology. This protocol describes isolation of HA from mouse mammary glands but can also be applied to other tissues. The quality of the isolated HA is sufficient to analyze size distribution by gel electrophoresis (Calabro et al., 2000). [摘要]  糖胺聚糖透明质酸(HA)是细胞外基质的关键组分。 HA的分子量是不均匀的,可以达到几百万至几百道尔顿。 HA对细胞行为的影响与尺寸有关; 片段化的HA作为危险信号起作用,刺激细胞迁移和增殖并且是促炎性的,原生高分子量HA抑制炎症。 因此,在研究HA在组织稳态和病理学中的作用时,分析HA的大小分布非常重要。 该协议描述从小鼠乳腺分离HA,但也可以应用于其他组织。 分离的HA的质量足以通过凝胶电泳分析大小分布(Calabro等人,2000)。

【背景】糖胺聚糖HA由N-乙酰葡糖胺和β葡萄糖醛酸二糖组成,并且是细胞外基质的普遍存在的组分。 高分子量HA通过酶促降解和被活性氧和氮物质氧化而碎裂。 在健康组织中,大部分HA具有高分子量。 片段化HA的积累在病理过程中起着危险信号的作用(Tolg等人,2012和2017; Yuan等人,2015)。 例如,HA片段刺激炎症,而高分子量HA抑制炎症。 HA通过与细胞膜受体相互作用影响细胞行为,如细胞迁移和增殖,导致信号通路的激活。 由于受体-HA相互作用受HA大小的影响,HA对组织生物学的影响不仅取决于HA量,而且取决于各个细胞的HA大小分布和HA受体表达。

Analysis of Direct Interaction between Viral DNA-binding Proteins by Protein Pull-down Co-immunoprecipitation Assay
Author:
Date:
2018-01-05
[Abstract]  This protocol analyzes the direct interaction between two DNA-binding proteins by pull-down co-immunoprecipitation. One of the proteins is overexpressed in E. coli as HA-tagged recombinant protein and cell-free extracts are immunoprecipitated in HA-affinity resin. Cell extracts are treated with nuclease to degrade DNA and RNA, which rules out nucleic acid-mediated indirect interaction. Then, a second immunoprecipitation step is performed using the purified putative partner protein. Co-immunoprecipitated proteins can be detected either by Coomassie Blue staining and/or Western blotting (WB) if a specific antibody is available. Moreover, many DNA/RNA binding proteins are highly electropositive, which can hinder WB under standard conditions, as has been shown in histones and ... [摘要]  该协议通过下拉共免疫沉淀分析两种DNA结合蛋白之间的直接相互作用。其中一种蛋白在E中过表达。如HA标记的重组蛋白和无细胞提取物在HA亲和树脂中免疫沉淀。用核酸酶处理细胞提取物以降解DNA和RNA,这排除了核酸介导的间接相互作用。然后,使用纯化的推定的配偶体蛋白进行第二次免疫沉淀步骤。如果特异性抗体可用,可以通过考马斯蓝染色和/或Western印迹(WB)检测免疫共沉淀蛋白质。此外,许多DNA / RNA结合蛋白具有高度正电性,在标准条件下可阻碍WB,正如组蛋白和组蛋白样蛋白所示。在这种情况下,我们表明,假定的合作伙伴的高等电点导致转移不良。提示麻烦WB提供高正电荷DNA结合蛋白的转移。


【背景】共免疫沉淀是分析蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用(PPI)的常用方法。许多共免疫沉淀方案使用细菌表达的蛋白质。然而,细胞提取物的使用不排除由第三种蛋白介导的间接相互作用,或者在DNA / RNA结合蛋白的情况下介导核酸。

乙型病毒Bam35(B35TP)的末端蛋白含有保守的酪氨酸194,其提供OH基团以在蛋白质引发的DNA复制期间锚定病毒基因组的第一个5'-dTMP。此外,B35TP具有很强的DNA结合能力,与许多DNA结合蛋白一样,它具有非常高的等电点(约10.6),这影响其体外稳定性和功能(Berjón-Otero 等),2016)。 ...

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