| Isolation of Intact Vacuoles from Petunia Petals and Extraction of Sequestered Glycosylated Phenylpropanoid Compounds
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Author:
Date:
2018-07-05
[Abstract] Plant vacuoles are the largest compartment in plant cells, occupying more than 80% of the cell volume. A variety of proteins, sugars, pigments and other metabolites are stored in these organelles (Paris et al., 1996; Olbrich et al., 2007). Flowers produce a variety of specialized metabolites, some of which are unique to this organ, such as components of pollination syndromes, i.e., scent volatiles and flavonoids (Hoballah et al., 2007; Cna'ani et al., 2015). To study the compounds stored in floral vacuoles, this compartment must be separated from the rest of the cell. To enable isolation of vacuoles, protoplasts were first generated by incubating pierced corollas with cellulase and macrozyme enzymes. After filtering and several centrifugation ...
[摘要] 植物液泡是植物细胞中最大的隔室，占细胞体积的80％以上。各种蛋白质，糖，色素和其他代谢物存储在这些细胞器中（Paris et al。，1996; Olbrich et al。，2007）。花产生多种特殊代谢物，其中一些是该器官特有的，如授粉综合征的成分， ie ，气味挥发物和黄酮类化合物（Hoballah et al。， 2007; Cna'ani et al。，2015）。为了研究存储在花液泡中的化合物，必须将该隔室与细胞的其余部分分开。为了能够分离液泡，首先通过将刺穿的花冠与纤维素酶和macrozyme酶一起孵育来产生原生质体。在过滤和几个离心步骤后，通过显微镜观察显示原生质体与碎片和受损/破裂的原生质体分离。裂解浓缩的原生质体，并通过Ficoll梯度离心提取液泡。 Vacuoles用于隔离代谢物的定量GC-MS分析。这种方法使我们能够将空泡识别为糖基化挥发性苯丙酸类的亚细胞聚集位点，并假设共轭气味化合物在通向顶空的途径中被隔离（Cna'ani et al。，2017） 。
【背景】植物空泡占植物细胞中细胞体积的80％。这些细胞器对植物生长和发育至关重要，在整个植物的生命中具有不同的功能。 ...
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| Root Gall Formation, Resting Spore Isolation and High Molecular Weight DNA Extraction of Plasmodiophora brassicae
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Author:
Date:
2018-06-05
[Abstract] Isolation of DNA from obligate biotrophic soil-borne plant pathogens is challenging. This is because of their strict requirement of living plant tissue for their growth and propagation. A soil habitat further imposes risk of contamination from other microorganisms living in close vicinity of the plant roots. Here we present a protocol on how to prepare DNA suitable for advanced molecular analysis on the soil-borne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae, a peculiar unicellular plant pathogenic organism, causing disease on Crucifers. First, it is important to grow Brassica or Arabidopsis plants in infested soils below a temperature of 25 °C under moist conditions to promote root gall formation. Root galls should be harvested ahead of initiation of the decomposing ...
[摘要] 从专性营养型土壤植物病原体中分离DNA是具有挑战性的。这是因为他们对植物生长和繁殖的严格要求。土壤栖息地进一步增加了居住在植物根部附近的其他微生物污染的风险。在这里，我们提出了一个关于如何制备适用于土传病原体Plasmodiophora brassicae ，一种特殊的单细胞植物致病生物，导致十字花科病的DNA进行DNA分析的方案。首先，在潮湿条件下，在温度低于25°C的条件下，在感染的土壤中种植芸薹属植物或拟南芥属植物对于促进根gall形成是重要的。在分解过程开始之前，不应迟于接种拟南芥或芜菁植株后四或九周，收获根gall。数量减少的土壤生物的休息孢子通过匀浆gall组织的梯度离心获得。用70％酒精和一套不同的抗生素治疗可促进 P。芸苔纯度。基于CTAB的程序允许分离适合大规模平行测序分析的高质量DNA。
【背景】Plasmodiophora brassicae 是一种土壤传播的植物病原体，其在包括拟南芥属的十字花科家族中引起根虫（棒状杆菌）。根肿病对全世界油菜（油菜）和卷心菜的种植有重大影响。 P上。 brassicae 是指定给超级组Rhizaria的一种专性生物营养素（需要一种生长寄主），Rhizaria是研究最少的真核生物组之一（Sierra等人，2016; Sibbald和Archibald， 2017年）。系统发育上， ...
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| Sample Preparation and Fractionation of Arabidopsis thaliana Sperm and Vegetative Cell Nuclei by FACS
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Author:
Date:
2015-11-20
[Abstract] One of the major topics in plant and animal biology is sexual reproduction. It is, therefore, of great interest to isolate and study germ cells and accessory cells. The male gametophyte of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana), pollen, is the product of two post-meiotic mitotic divisions. Each mature pollen grain consists of two sperm cells contained within the vegetative cell, the non-reproductive companion cell. The tough pollen wall and its special nested structure make it difficult to study pollen cells separately. Here, we describe a simple and efficient method to fractionate A. thaliana sperm and vegetative cell nuclei by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). Our protocol is based on differences in fluorescence intensity of sperm and ...
[摘要] 植物和动物生物学的一个主要议题是有性繁殖。因此，分离和研究生殖细胞和附属细胞是非常有意义的。开花植物拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）（ A。thaliana ）的雄性配子体是两个减数分裂后有丝分裂的产物。每个成熟花粉粒由包含在营养细胞（非生殖伴侣细胞）内的两个精细胞组成。坚硬的花粉壁及其特殊的嵌套结构使得难以分别研究花粉细胞。在这里，我们描述一个简单而有效的方法分割。拟南芥精子和营养细胞核通过荧光激活细胞分选（FACS）。我们的方案基于用SYBR Green I染色的精子和营养细胞核的荧光强度的差异.100植物产生约1×10 6个精子和350,000个营养细胞核。该方法可用于纯化各种A的花粉核。拟南芥野生型种质和突变株系，并且原则上可适用于其它植物物种的花粉。
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