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D-Mannitol

D-甘露醇

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: M4125
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Optimize Highly Efficient Genetic Transformation Method of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars Using Mature Embryo
Author:
Date:
2020-11-20
[Abstract]  Genetic engineering is a powerful tool to develop desired traits in crop plants to make the crops suitable for future demand and changing environments. For the genetic engineering of wheat cultivars, the development of efficient transformation and regeneration systems has always been a primary requirement. Immature embryos have been used as explants for callus generation and genetic transformation of wheat cultivars, but the availability of healthy immature embryos as an explant throughout the year is difficult. In contrast, mature embryos are relatively easy to use throughout the year. The following protocol describes the genetic transformation of wheat cultivars using a mature embryo as explants by the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method.
[摘要]  [摘要]基因工程是开发农作物所需性状,使农作物适合未来需求和环境变化的有力工具。对于小麦品种的基因工程,开发高效的转化和再生系统一直是首要要求。未成熟的胚已被用作小麦品种的愈伤组织生成和遗传转化的外植体,但是全年都很难获得健康的未成熟胚作为外植体。相反,成熟的胚胎一年四季都相对容易使用。以下方案描述了使用小麦品种的遗传转化一个成熟胚由外植体的土壤杆菌介导的转化方法。

[背景]遗传转化是通过基因工程在小麦分子遗传学和改善使用的最重要的技术。微粒轰击和农杆菌介导的转化是小麦中遗传转化最广泛使用的两种方法(Vasil等,1992 ;Ding等,2009 ...

Production and Isolation of Magnetic Protein Crystals in HEK293T Cells
Author:
Date:
2020-07-20
[Abstract]  Advances in protein engineering have enabled the production of self-assembled protein crystals within living cells. Our recent publication demonstrates the production of ftn-PAK4, which is a ferritin-containing crystal that can mineralize iron and become magnetic when isolated. We have developed an optimized protocol for the production and isolation of PAK4-based crystals. The crystals are first grown in low-passage HEK293T cells, released using a lysis buffer containing NP-40 and DNase, and collected under careful centrifugation conditions. Our protocol maximizes the purity and yield of crystals and is quick and straightforward.
[摘要]  [摘要] 蛋白质工程的进展已使活细胞内产生自组装的蛋白质晶体。我们的最新出版物证明了ftn-PAK4的生产,它是一种含铁蛋白的晶体,在分离时可以矿化铁并成为磁性。我们已经开发出用于生产和分离基于PAK4的晶体的优化协议。晶体首先在低传代的HEK293T细胞中生长,使用含有NP-40和DNase的裂解缓冲液释放,并在仔细的离心条件下收集。我们的协议可最大程度地提高晶体的纯度和收率,并且操作简便快捷。

[背景] 近来的作品曾报道的“生产和隔离在纤维素的” 晶体通过蛋白在活细胞中的异源表达。这些晶体具有多种应用,例如货物运输(Ijiri 等,2009)或X射线结构测定(Baska ran 和Ang ,2015)。晶体的性质而变化,但它们通常相对于相当大的是对细胞,范围从1-2 微米到数百微米的大小(圣豪等人,2015) 。在我们最近的工作中,我们修改了inka-PAK4晶体以创建ftn-PAK4,该ftn-PAK4是一种含铁蛋白的晶体,可以矿化足够的铁以吸引附近的永磁体(Li 等,2019)。

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Long-term in vitro Culture of Cryptosporidium parvum
Author:
Date:
2018-08-05
[Abstract]  Continuous in vitro growth of Cryptosporidium parvum has proved difficult and conventional in vitro culture techniques result in short-term (2-5 days) growth of the parasite resulting in thin-walled oocysts that fail to propagate using in vitro cultures, and do not produce an active infection using immunosuppressed or immunodeficient mouse models (Arrowood, 2002). Here we describe the use of hollow fiber bioreactors (HFB) that simulate in vivo conditions by providing oxygen and nutrients to host intestinal cells from the basal surface and permit the establishment of a low redox, high nutrient environment on the apical surface. When inoculated with 105 C. parvum (Iowa isolate) oocysts the bioreactor produced 108 ... [摘要]  Cryptosporidium parvum 的连续体外生长已证明是困难的,并且常规体外培养技术导致短期(2-5天)生长寄生虫导致薄壁卵囊不能使用体外培养物繁殖,并且不使用免疫抑制或免疫缺陷小鼠模型产生活跃感染(Arrowood,2002)。在这里,我们描述了中空纤维生物反应器(HFB)的使用,通过提供氧气和营养物质从基础表面宿主肠细胞模拟体内条件,并允许建立低氧化还原,高营养环境顶面。当接种10 5 C时。 parvum (爱荷华州分离物)卵囊生物反应器在14天后每ml产生10个 8 卵囊(20ml额外毛细血管体积),并保持2年以上。使用TCR-α免疫缺陷小鼠模型的体内感染性研究显示,在6,12和18个月时从生物反应器产生的卵囊与用于启动培养的亲本Iowa分离物无法区分。 HFB产生的卵囊具有与亲本爱荷华分离物类似的百分比分析。

【背景】 Cryptosporidium parvum 是人和其他哺乳动物肠道的细胞内专性寄生虫,导致急性腹泻。该疾病在免疫功能正常的个体中是自限性的,然而,在免疫功能低下的成人和幼儿中,该疾病可能危及生命(Kotloff,2017)。它是经济资源低的国家中三种被诊断出的儿童肠道疾病之一(Kotloff et al。,2013; Sow et ...

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