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Petri Dish with Cover

Corning® 100x20mm Petri Dish with Cover

Company: Corning
Catalog#: 70165-102
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Transmission Electron Microscopy for Analysis of Mitochondria in Mouse Skeletal Muscle
Author:
Date:
2018-05-20
[Abstract]  Skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the human body and regulates a variety of functions including locomotion and whole-body metabolism. Skeletal muscle has a plethora of mitochondria, the organelles that are essential for aerobic generation of ATP which provides the chemical energy to fuel vital functions such as contraction. The number of mitochondria in skeletal muscle and their function decline with normal aging and in various neuromuscular diseases and in catabolic conditions such as cancer, starvation, denervation, and immobilization. Moreover, compromised mitochondrial function is also associated with metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is now clear that maintaining mitochondrial content and function in skeletal muscle is vital for sustained health ... [摘要]  骨骼肌是人体中含量最丰富的组织,可调节各种功能,包括运动和全身代谢。骨骼肌有很多线粒体,这是ATP好氧生成所必需的细胞器,它提供化学能量来促进收缩等重要功能。骨骼肌中线粒体的数量及其功能随着正常衰老和各种神经肌肉疾病以及癌症,饥饿,去神经支配和固定等分解代谢条件而下降。此外,受损的线粒体功能也与包括2型糖尿病在内的代谢紊乱有关。现在清楚的是维持骨骼肌中的线粒体含量和功能对于整个寿命期间的持续健康是至关重要的。虽然有许多染色方法可用于研究线粒体,但透射电子显微镜(TEM)仍然是研究骨骼肌中线粒体结构和健康的最重要方法。它提供关于线粒体含量,嵴密度,组织,自噬体形成以及在各种疾病状况中经常观察到的任何其他异常的关键信息。在本文中,我们描述了一个详细的协议样本制备和透射电镜分析小鼠骨骼肌线粒体。

【背景】骨骼肌是一种高度塑性的组织,经过响应一些细胞外信号的形态和代谢适应性。包括抵抗或耐力运动在内的许多干扰刺激线粒体生物发生,导致增加的代谢能力和抵抗疲劳(Li等人,2008; Sandri,2008)。相反,在衰老期间,不活动,以及在许多分解代谢疾病状态下,骨骼肌线粒体数量和功能下降,导致易疲劳性和胰岛素抵抗增加(Sandri,2008)。功能失调的线粒体的累积也可能导致进行性活性氧物质诱导的损伤,从而进一步损害骨骼肌中的氧化能力(Bonnard等人,2008)。 ...

Analysis of Enteric Neural Crest Cell Migration Using Heterotopic Grafts of Embryonic Guts
Author:
Date:
2016-09-05
[Abstract]  Hirschsprung disease (HSCR), also named aganglionic megacolon, is a severe congenital malformation characterized by a lack of enteric nervous system (ENS) in the terminal regions of the bowel (Bergeron et al., 2013). As the ENS notably regulates motility in the whole gastrointestinal track, the segment without neurons remains tonically contracted, resulting in functional intestinal obstruction and accumulation of fecal material (megacolon). HSCR occurs when enteric neural progenitors of vagal neural crest origin fail to fully colonize the developing intestines. These “enteric” neural crest cells (ENCCs) have to migrate in a rostro-caudal direction during a fixed temporal window, which is between embryonic day (e) 9.5 and e14.5 in the mouse (Obermayr et al., 2013). ... [摘要]  Hirschsprung病(HSCR),也称为神经节巨结肠,是严重的先天性畸形,其特征在于在肠的末端区域缺乏肠神经系统(ENS)(Bergeron等人,2013)。由于ENS特别调节整个胃肠道的运动性,没有神经元的节段保持紧张收缩,导致功能性肠梗阻和粪便材料(巨结肠)的积累。 HSCR发生在迷走神经嵴来源的肠神经祖细胞不能完全殖民发育的肠道。这些"肠"神经嵴细胞(ENCC)必须在固定的时间窗口内沿着尾 - 尾方向迁移,其在小鼠的胚胎天(e)9.5和e14.5之间(Obermayr等, ,2013)。最近,我们的小组产生了称为荷斯坦的新的HSCR小鼠模型,其中ENCC的迁移受损,因为它们的微环境中胶原VI水平增加(Soret等人,2015)。在这里,我们描述了允许我们演示这种迁移缺陷的细胞自主性的方法。在从先前描述的异位移植方法改造的该系统中(Breau等人,2006),供体组织是e12.5中肠的完全定殖的区段,而宿主组织是e12的非耳部分.5后肠。在宿主组织中ENCC迁移的程度在培养24小时后评估,并且当供体组织具有转基因背景例如允许内源标记的Gata4-RFP(Pilon等人,2008)时极大地促进ENCC在宿主组织中的迁移的程度的ENCCs。根据供体和宿主组织的遗传背景,这种方法可以允许评估细胞自主和非细胞自主缺陷的ENCC迁移。

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