{{'Search' | translate}}
 

Gel electrophoresis system for SDS page

Mini-PROTEAN ® Tetra Vertical Electrophoresis Cell for Mini Precast Gels,4-gel

Company: Bio-Rad Laboratories
Catalog#: 1658004
Bio-protocol()
Company-protocol()
Other protocol()

Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Exosomes from Fibroblast Cultures of Skeletal Muscle
Author:
Date:
2020-04-05
[Abstract]  Exosomes are dynamic nanovesicles secreted by virtually all cells and are present in all biological fluids. Given their highly heterogeneous content exosomes have been implicated in many physiological and pathological processes that they exert by influencing cell-cell and cell-ECM communication. In recent years an increasing number of methods have been established for the purification and characterization of exosomes. These include ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography, immune capture and precipitation using a proprietary polymer. Here, we provide a protocol based on differential ultracentrifugation and sucrose density gradients tailored for the isolation of crude and ultra-pure exosomes from primary fibroblast cultures derived from adult mouse skeletal ... [摘要]  [摘要 ] 外来体是几乎所有细胞分泌的动态纳米囊泡,并存在于所有生物体液中。鉴于它们的异质含量很高,外泌体已牵涉到它们通过影响细胞-细胞和细胞-ECM通讯而发挥的许多生理和病理过程。近年来,已经建立了越来越多的方法外泌体的纯化和表征。其中包括超速离心,超滤,尺寸排阻色谱,免疫捕获和使用专有聚合物的沉淀。在这里,我们提供了基于差分超速离心和蔗糖密度梯度的协议,该协议专门用于从成年小鼠骨骼肌衍生的原代成纤维细胞培养物中分离粗制和超纯外泌体。可以对该协议进行修改和修改,以从各种组织和体液中分离和表征外泌体。


背景 ] ë xosomes是单膜,异质纳米囊泡直径范围从30至150nm,secre 由所有细胞和存在于几乎所有的体液泰德。外泌体中存在的可溶性和膜大分子,mRNA,microRNA的光谱取决于代谢状态以及分泌这些纳米囊泡的细胞的发育起源。由于它们的货物组成,外泌体可以启动接收细胞中的信号传导途径,并参与了发育,免疫和正常组织生理的维持。在神经退行性疾病,纤维化和癌症等疾病条件下,它们被证明可以触发和传播病理刺激(Rackov 等,2018; Gurunathan 等,2019; van de Vlekkert 等,2019)。在这里,我们描述了从成年小鼠腓肠肌(GA)肌肉建立的成纤维细胞培养物中纯化外泌体的方案(van de Vlekkert ...

BMV Propagation, Extraction and Purification Using Chromatographic Methods
Author:
Date:
2018-07-20
[Abstract]  Brome mosaic virus (BMV) is a well-known plant virus representing single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) positive-sense viruses. It has been widely used as a model in multiple studies concerning plant virus biology, epidemiology and the application of viral capsids in nanotechnology. Herein, we describe a method for BMV purification based on ion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography. The presented method is of similar efficiency to previously described protocols relying on differential centrifugation and can easily be scaled up. The resulting BMV capsids are stable and monodisperse and can be used for further applications. [摘要]  雀麦花叶病毒(BMV)是众所周知的植物病毒,代表单链RNA(ssRNA)正义病毒。 它已被广泛用作植物病毒生物学,流行病学和病毒衣壳在纳米技术中的应用的多项研究中的模型。 在本文中,我们描述了基于离子交换和尺寸排阻色谱的BMV纯化方法。 所提出的方法与先前描述的依赖于差速离心的方案具有相似的效率,并且可以容易地按比例放大。 得到的BMV衣壳是稳定的并且是单分散的,并且可以用于进一步的应用。

【背景】纳米技术要克服的关键挑战之一是制定有效的和组织特异性的药物递送方法。植物病毒和病毒样颗粒(VLP)具有生物相容性和可生物降解性,不含对人类或动物健康有害的病原体,是合成药物载体的安全替代品,通常会激活免疫系统的不良反应或积聚在免疫系统中。身体到毒性水平。最后,病毒衣壳的生产相对便宜且快速(Ren et al。,2007; Arcangeli et al。,2014)。

Bromoviridae 家族的雀麦花叶病毒(BMV)是用作纳米颗粒载体的良好候选物,因为它显示出所有上述特征并且是研究最多的植物病毒之一(Figlerowicz,2000; Alejska et al。,2005; Urbanowicz et al。,2005; Wierzchoslawski et al。,2006; Kao vet al。 ...

Analysis of Direct Interaction between Viral DNA-binding Proteins by Protein Pull-down Co-immunoprecipitation Assay
Author:
Date:
2018-01-05
[Abstract]  This protocol analyzes the direct interaction between two DNA-binding proteins by pull-down co-immunoprecipitation. One of the proteins is overexpressed in E. coli as HA-tagged recombinant protein and cell-free extracts are immunoprecipitated in HA-affinity resin. Cell extracts are treated with nuclease to degrade DNA and RNA, which rules out nucleic acid-mediated indirect interaction. Then, a second immunoprecipitation step is performed using the purified putative partner protein. Co-immunoprecipitated proteins can be detected either by Coomassie Blue staining and/or Western blotting (WB) if a specific antibody is available. Moreover, many DNA/RNA binding proteins are highly electropositive, which can hinder WB under standard conditions, as has been shown in histones and ... [摘要]  该协议通过下拉共免疫沉淀分析两种DNA结合蛋白之间的直接相互作用。其中一种蛋白在E中过表达。如HA标记的重组蛋白和无细胞提取物在HA亲和树脂中免疫沉淀。用核酸酶处理细胞提取物以降解DNA和RNA,这排除了核酸介导的间接相互作用。然后,使用纯化的推定的配偶体蛋白进行第二次免疫沉淀步骤。如果特异性抗体可用,可以通过考马斯蓝染色和/或Western印迹(WB)检测免疫共沉淀蛋白质。此外,许多DNA / RNA结合蛋白具有高度正电性,在标准条件下可阻碍WB,正如组蛋白和组蛋白样蛋白所示。在这种情况下,我们表明,假定的合作伙伴的高等电点导致转移不良。提示麻烦WB提供高正电荷DNA结合蛋白的转移。


【背景】共免疫沉淀是分析蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用(PPI)的常用方法。许多共免疫沉淀方案使用细菌表达的蛋白质。然而,细胞提取物的使用不排除由第三种蛋白介导的间接相互作用,或者在DNA / RNA结合蛋白的情况下介导核酸。

乙型病毒Bam35(B35TP)的末端蛋白含有保守的酪氨酸194,其提供OH基团以在蛋白质引发的DNA复制期间锚定病毒基因组的第一个5'-dTMP。此外,B35TP具有很强的DNA结合能力,与许多DNA结合蛋白一样,它具有非常高的等电点(约10.6),这影响其体外稳定性和功能(Berjón-Otero 等),2016)。 ...

Comments