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Sepharose® CL-2B

Sepharose CL-2B

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: CL2B300
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Biochemical Analysis of Dimethyl Suberimidate-crosslinked Yeast Nucleosomes
Author:
Date:
2018-03-20
[Abstract]  Nucleosomes are the fundamental unit of eukaryotic chromosome packaging, comprised of 147 bp of DNA wrapped around two molecules of each of the core histone proteins H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Nucleosomes are symmetrical, with one axis of symmetry centered on the homodimeric interaction between the C-termini of the H3 molecules. To explore the functional consequences of nucleosome symmetry, we designed an obligate pair of H3 heterodimers, termed H3X and H3Y, allowing us to compare cells with single or double H3 alterations. Our biochemical validation of the heterodimeric X-Y interaction included intra-nucleosomal H3 crosslinking using dimethyl suberimidate (DMS). Here, we provide a detailed protocol for the use of DMS to analyze yeast nucleosomes. [摘要]  核小体是真核染色体包装的基本单元,由围绕核心组蛋白H2A,H2B,H3和H4中的每一个的两个分子包裹的147bp DNA组成。 核小体是对称的,一个对称轴以H3分子的C-末端之间的同源二聚体相互作用为中心。 为了探索核小体对称性的功能性后果,我们设计了一对特异性H3异二聚体,称为H3X和H3Y,使我们能够比较具有单一或双重H3改变的细胞。 我们对异二聚体X-Y相互作用的生物化学验证包括使用二甲基琥珀三酸酯(DMS)进行的核内H3交联。 在这里,我们提供了使用DMS来分析酵母核小体的详细方案。

【背景】组蛋白的翻译后修饰影响染色体生物学的各个方面,包括转录,复制,修复和重组。因为核小体包含每个核心组蛋白的两个拷贝,所以修饰可以是对称的(在两个H3尾部上的相同修饰,例如,在核小体内的两个H3尾部上的K27me(Voigt等人

对于单个核小体内H3X-H3Y相互作用的生化验证,我们生成了表达细菌生物素连接酶BirA,N-末端V5-标记的H3X和N-末端生物素接受表位标记的H3Y的酵母菌株(Beckett等人, 1999)。 ...

Mouse Liver Mitochondria Isolation, Size Fractionation, and Real-time MOMP Measurement
Author:
Date:
2016-08-05
[Abstract]  The mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis involves a complex interplay between dozens of proteins and lipids, and is also dependent on the shape and size of mitochondria. The use of cellular models in past studies has not been ideal for investigating how the complex multi-factor interplay regulates the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP). Isolated systems have proven to be a paradigm to deconstruct MOMP into individual steps and to study the behavior of each subset of MOMP regulators. In particular, isolated mitochondria are key to in vitro studies of the BCL-2 family proteins, a complex family of pro-survival and pro-apoptotic proteins that directly control the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis (Renault et al., 2013).

In ...
[摘要]  凋亡的线粒体途径涉及数十种蛋白质和脂质之间的复杂相互作用,并且还依赖于线粒体的形状和大小。在过去的研究中使用细胞模型不是理想的调查如何复杂的多因素相互作用调节线粒体外膜透化(MOMP)的分子机制。分离系统已被证明是将MOMP解构成各个步骤并研究每个子集的MOMP调节剂的行为的范例。特别地,分离的线粒体是BCL-2家族蛋白的体外研究的关键,BCL-2家族蛋白是直接控制凋亡的线粒体途径的促存活和促凋亡蛋白的复合家族(Renault > et al 。,2013)。
  在这个协议,我们描述三个补充程序用于实时调查使用孤立的线粒体MOMP调节器的影响。第一种方法是"肝线粒体分离",其中从小鼠中分离肝脏以获得线粒体。 "用JC-1和大小分级分离的线粒体标记"是描述标记,按大小分级并标准化线粒体亚群的方法的第二个方法。最后,"实时MOMP测量"协议允许在孤立的线粒体上实时跟踪MOMP。上述程序用于在体外确定线粒体膜形状在分离的细胞和分离的线粒体水平上的作用(Renault等人,2015)。

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