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CD4 (L3T4) MicroBeads, mouse

CD4(L3T4)MicroBeads,小鼠

Company: Miltenyi Biotec
Catalog#: 130-049-201
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Imaging Cytokine Concentration Fields Using PlaneView Imaging Devices
Author:
Date:
2018-04-05
[Abstract]  We describe here a method to visualize concentration fields of cytokines around cytokine-secreting cells. The main challenge is that physiological cytokine concentrations can be very low, in the pico-molar range. Since it is currently impossible to measure such concentrations directly, we rely on cell’s response to the cytokines–the phosphorylation of a transcription factor–that can be visualized through antibody staining. Our devices aim at mimicking conditions in dense tissues, such as lymph nodes. A small number of secreting cells is deposited on a polylysine-coated glass and covered by multiple layers of cytokine-consuming. The cells are left to communicate for 1 h, after which the top layers are removed and the bottom layer of cells is antibody labeled for the response to cytokines. ... [摘要]  我们在这里描述了一种可视化细胞因子分泌细胞周围细胞因子浓度场的方法。主要挑战是生理细胞因子浓度可能非常低,在微摩尔浓度范围内。由于目前不可能直接测量这样的浓度,我们依赖于细胞对细胞因子的反应 - 转录因子的磷酸化 - 可以通过抗体染色显现。我们的设备旨在模仿密集组织中的条件,如淋巴结。少数分泌细胞沉积在聚赖氨酸包被的玻璃上并被多层细胞因子消耗覆盖。将细胞连通1小时,之后去除顶层,并且细胞的底层被抗体标记为对细胞因子的应答。然后通过标准荧光显微镜观察细胞因子场的横截面。这篇手稿总结了我们的方法,以量化密集细胞体外细胞因子介导的细胞间通讯的程度。

【背景】哺乳动物的免疫系统已经发展到能够识别和限制潜在病原体的传播,同时使由免疫系统本身造成的附带组织损伤最小化。为了实现这一点,免疫细胞依赖细胞因子介质网络,这些细胞因子介质能够进行细胞间通讯并广播关于致病性侮辱的大小和性质的信息。大量不同细胞因子与其同源受体强烈结合,通常在纳摩尔或皮摩尔范围内具有特征性结合亲和力。通过细胞因子通讯产生免疫龛。例如,在骨髓和胸腺中,通过基质细胞分泌的白细胞介素-7(IL-7)分别支持增殖的B细胞和T细胞祖细胞的存活(Tokoyoda et al。, 2004; Alves等人,2009)。细胞因子生态位的大小控制成熟祖细胞的数量,从而保持血细胞区室平衡(Böyum,1968; ...

EAE Induction by Passive Transfer of MOG-specific CD4+ T Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-07-05
[Abstract]  Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It is characterized by focal demyelination and inflammatory responses mediated by myelin-specific autoreactive CD4+ T cells. Using a passive transfer model of EAE in mice, we have demonstrated that regional specific neural signals by sensory-sympathetic communications create gateways for immune cells at specific blood vessels of the CNS, a phenomenon known as the gateway reflex (Arima et al., 2012; Tracey, 2012; Arima et al., 2013; Sabharwal et al., 2014; Arima et al., 2015b). Here we describe protocols for passive transfer model of EAE using freshly isolated (MOG)-specific ... [摘要]  实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)是多发性硬化症(MS)的动物模型,其是中枢神经系统(CNS)的慢性炎性疾病。其特征在于由髓磷脂特异性自身反应性CD4 + T细胞介导的局灶性脱髓鞘和炎症反应。在小鼠中使用EAE的被动转移模型,我们已经证明,通过感觉交感通信的区域特异性神经信号在CNS的特定血管上产生免疫细胞的网关,这被称为网关反射(Arima等, ,2012; Tracey,2012; Arima等人,2013; Sabharwal等人,2014; Arima等人。 >,2015b)。在这里,我们描述了使用新鲜分离的(MOG)特异性CD4 + T细胞或周期性再刺激的MOG特异性CD4 + T细胞系的EAE的被动转移模型的方案,其是适用于体内追踪致病性CD4 T细胞,特别是CNS(Ogura等人,2008; Arima等人) 。,2012和2015b)。
【背景】广泛接受的是,自身反应性CD4 + T细胞在MS和EAE的发病机理中起重要作用(Reboldi,2009; International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics,et al。,2011; Steinman,2014),它们是CNS的慢性炎性疾病。 ...

In vitro Antigen-presentation Assay for Self- and Microbial-derived Antigens
Author:
Date:
2017-06-05
[Abstract]  Antigen presenting cells (APC) are able to process and present to T cells antigens from different origins. This mechanism is highly regulated, in particular by Patter Recognition Receptor (PRR) signals. Here, I detail a protocol designed to assess in vitro the capacity of APC to present antigens derived from bacteria, apoptotic and infected apoptotic cells. [摘要]  抗原呈递细胞(APC)能够处理和呈递来自不同来源的T细胞抗原。这种机制是高度调节的,特别是通过Patter Recognition Receptor(PRR)信号。在这里,我详细说明了一种设计用于评估体外的APC方案,用于展示来源于细菌,凋亡和感染的凋亡细胞的抗原。

背景 T细胞淋巴细胞在其表面上表达T细胞受体(TCR),其允许识别作为与主要组织相容性复合物(MHC)分子结合的抗原加工和呈递的抗原的细胞(自身)或微生物(非自身)抗原)呈递细胞(APC)。 APC能够处理抗原并将其呈递给T细胞,并且MHC-TCR相互作用是感染和自身免疫应答期间T细胞活化的关键步骤。
 以前的作品已经描述了基于刺激模式识别受体(PRR),例如toll样受体(TLR)(Blander和Medzhitov,2004和2006)的抗原呈递的调节机制。实际上,特异性地来自含有微生物病原体的吞噬体的TLR信号有利于在MHC-II分子内呈递非自身抗原。另一方面,凋亡细胞吞噬后产生的自身抗原由于不存在TLR刺激而导致溶酶体降解。然而,当两者都来自感染的凋亡细胞并且同时由相同的吞噬体携带时,自身和非自身抗原的分离不会发生,其由针对抗原呈递的TLR信号最佳地定制。已经使用骨髓来源的树突状细胞(BMDC)和凋亡性小鼠B细胞 - ...

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