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Author:
Date:
2014-01-20
[Abstract] The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) mediates the majority of the proteolysis seen in the cytoplasm and nucleus of mammalian cells. As such it plays an important role in the regulation of a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes including tumorigenesis, inflammation and cell death (Ciechanover, 2005; Kisselev and Goldberg, 2001). A number of recent studies have shown that proteasome activity is decreased in a variety of neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke as well as during normal aging (Chung et al., 2001; Ciechanover and Brundin, 2003; Betarbet et al., 2005). This decrease in proteasome activity is thought to play a critical role in the accumulation of abnormal and ...
[摘要] 泛素 - 蛋白酶体系统（UPS）介导哺乳动物细胞的细胞质和细胞核中大部分蛋白水解。因此，它在调节各种生理和病理生理过程中起重要作用，包括肿瘤发生，炎症和细胞死亡（Ciechanover，2005; Kisselev和Goldberg，2001）。许多最近的研究表明，在多种神经障碍（包括帕金森病，阿尔茨海默病，肌萎缩性侧索硬化和中风）以及正常衰老期间，蛋白酶体活性降低（Chung等，2001; Ciechanover和Brundin，2003; Betarbet等，2005）。蛋白酶体活性的降低被认为在异常和氧化蛋白质的积累中发挥关键作用。 UPS的蛋白质清除涉及两个连续的反应。第一个是用泛素（Ub）标记蛋白质赖氨酸残基，第二个是蛋白酶体随后降解标记的蛋白质。我们本文描述了这两个反应中第二个的测定（Valera等，2013）。该测定法使用荧光底物作为蛋白酶体的三种活性：糜蛋白酶样活性，胰蛋白酶样活性和半胱天冬酶样活性。通过蛋白酶体从底物中切割荧光团可导致可用荧光板读数器检测的荧光。
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