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Fetal bovine serum

胎牛血清

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 10082-147
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Spectrophotometric Assessment of Heme Oxygenase-1 Activity in Leishmania-infected Macrophages
Author:
Date:
2020-04-05
[Abstract]  Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress responsive enzyme that metabolizes heme and releases free iron, carbon monoxide (CO), and biliverdin (BV), which rapidly undergoes conversion to bilirubin (BL). Estimation of bilirubin is the basis of HO-1 assay. HO-1 activity is widely employed to determine antioxidant response of cells under different physiological stress environment. Intra-macrophage infection often acts as such a stress inducer and measurement of HO-1 activity in infected cells indicates the ability of pathogens towards modulating oxidative response of host. The present protocol describes analysis of HO-1 activity in infected macrophages by spectrophotometric method, which is much less complex and therefore advantageous over other methods like high-performance liquid chromatography, ... [摘要]  [摘要] 血红素氧合酶-1 (HO-1)是一种应激反应酶,它能代谢血红素并释放出游离的铁,一氧化碳(CO )和胆绿素(BV),并迅速转变为胆红素(BL)。胆红素的估计是HO-1测定的基础。HO-1活性被广泛用于确定在不同生理压力环境下细胞的抗氧化反应。巨噬细胞内感染通常是压力的诱因和测量方法 被感染细胞中HO-1活性的变化表明病原体具有调节宿主氧化反应的能力。本协议描述了通过分光光度法分析感染的巨噬细胞中HO-1活性的方法,该方法不那么复杂,因此比其他方法(例如高效液相色谱法,放射化学方法和通过气相色谱法检测CO)更具优势。主要步骤包括:(1)制备含有HO-1的巨噬细胞微粒级分(2)分离含有biliverdin还原酶的大鼠肝胞质级分,以及(3)通过分光光度法检测胆红素来评估血红素加氧酶-1活性。该方法提供了一种简单而灵敏的方法来测量感染条件下的细胞抗氧化反应。

[背景] 活性氧(ROS)是抵抗巨噬细胞入侵病原体的主要宿主防御武器之一(Missall 等,2004)。另一方面,巨噬细胞内的病原体由于其在巨噬细胞内的成功持久而中和了早期的氧化爆发(Paiva和Bozza,2014年)。为了应对这种氧化压力,生物可以部署宿主细胞的抗氧化酶,例如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化氢酶(CAT)谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)和血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)来清除ROS ...

Preparation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus with High or Low Content of Defective Viral Particles and Their Purification from Viral Stocks
Author:
Date:
2016-05-20
[Abstract]  Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) belongs to the paramyxovirus family that includes many clinically relevant viruses, such as the human metapneumovirus and measles. RSV infection can cause severe disease in infants, the elderly, and some immunocompromised adults. During RSV replication, a series of truncated forms of the viral genome is generated. These truncated viral genomes are known as defective viral genomes (DVGs) and are generated by many viruses (Lazzarini et al., 1981; Rao and Huang, 1982; Prince et al., 1996; Sun et al., 2015; Tapia et al., 2013). DVGs can restrict the replication of the full-length virus and are the primary natural triggers of the innate immune response to RSV (Sun et al., 2015; Tapia et al., 2013). ... [摘要]  呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)属于包括许多临床相关病毒(例如人偏肺病毒和麻疹)的副粘病毒家族。 RSV感染可以在婴儿,老年人和一些免疫受损的成人中引起严重的疾病。在RSV复制期间,产生一系列截短形式的病毒基因组。这些截短的病毒基因组被称为缺陷型病毒基因组(DVG),并且由许多病毒产生(Lazzarini等人,1981; Rao和Huang,1982; Prince等人, ,1996; Sun等人,2015; Tapia等人,2013)。 DVG可以限制全长病毒的复制,并且是针对RSV的先天免疫应答的主要天然触发因子(Sun等人,2015; Tapia等人 ,2013)。在这里,我们详细讨论如何准备具有高或低含量的DVG的RSV股票,以及如何从富含缺陷病毒颗粒的RSV原液中纯化含有DVG的缺陷病毒颗粒。这些程序可用于制备实验室研究所需的病毒原液和有缺陷的病毒颗粒。简言之,在HEp2细胞中产生不同的RSV种群,其通常用于在实验室中扩增该病毒。为了产生具有高含量DVG的RSV原液,HEp2细胞用高多重感染(MOI)多次感染,然后使用梯度离心纯化含有DVG的病毒颗粒。这里描述的方法具有四个部分:1.具有低DVG含量(RSV-LD)的种子RSV原种的扩增,2.具有高DVG含量(RSV-HD)的原种的产生,3.通过梯度离心,4.纯化DVG的表征。

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