| An in vitro Model of Neuron-macrophage Interaction to Generate Macrophages with Neurite Outgrowth Properties
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Author:
Date:
2016-11-20
[Abstract] Macrophages are known to play beneficial roles in axon regeneration after nerve injury. To develop an in vitro model in which injury signals can elicit pro-regenerative macrophage activation, we established co-cultures consisting of adult dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons and peritoneal macrophages and added cAMP analogue dibutyryl cAMP. The conditioned medium collected from the co-cultures exhibited robust neurite outgrowth activities. The neurite outgrowth activities were almost completely abrogated by addition of minocycline, a macrophage deactivator, indicating that factors responsible for neurite outgrowth are produced by activated macrophages.
[摘要] 已知巨噬细胞在神经损伤后的轴突再生中发挥有益作用。 为了开发一种体外模型，其中损伤信号可以引发再生巨噬细胞活化，我们建立了由成体背根神经节感觉神经元和腹膜巨噬细胞组成的共培养物，并加入cAMP类似物二丁酰基cAMP。 从共同培养物收集的条件培养基表现出强烈的神经突生长活动。 通过添加米诺环素（巨噬细胞减活剂）几乎完全消除神经突生长活动，表明负责神经突生长的因子是由活化的巨噬细胞产生的。
【背景】成年哺乳动物的CNS神经元在损伤后不会自发再生轴突。 预处理周围神经损伤允许背根神经节（DRG）感觉轴突通过促进再生相关基因的表达来再生中心分支。 我们以前已经表明，预处理损伤后DRG中的活化巨噬细胞有助于提高DRG感觉神经元的内在再生能力（Kwon等，2013）。 为了确定参与神经损伤后巨噬细胞活化的分子因子，我们开发了体外模型，其中神经元 - 巨噬细胞相互作用由cAMP引起，cAMP是增强神经元再生能力的众所周知的试剂。 与使用酵母聚糖激活巨噬细胞的以前的模型相比，我们的模型在预处理外周损伤模型中使用类似于分子事件的更多的生理刺激。
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| Colony Forming Assay for HCV-Replicon Cell Line
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Author:
Date:
2013-12-20
[Abstract] Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main causative agent of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since the HCV genome is present exclusively in RNA form during replication, a number of anti-HCV drugs show appearance of rapid drug-resistant viruses. Therefore, it is important to test generation of drug-escape mutant viruses by developed antiviral drugs for their validity. Here, we describe a colony formation assay-based method to observe appearance of drug-resistant viruses against nucleic acid based anti-HCV drugs in genotype 1b based subgenomic replicon cell culture system (Lee et al., 2013).
[摘要] 丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是慢性肝炎，肝硬化和肝细胞癌的主要致病因子。 由于HCV基因组在复制期间仅以RNA形式存在，许多抗HCV药物显示出快速耐药病毒的出现。 因此，重要的是通过开发的抗病毒药物来测试药物逃逸突变病毒的生成的有效性。 在这里，我们描述了基于集落形成测定的方法，观察耐药病毒对基于核酸的抗HCV药物在基于基因型1b的亚基因组复制子细胞培养系统中的外观（Lee等人，2013 ）。
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