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Acetonitrile, anhydrous (MeCN)

乙腈

Company: Glen Research
Catalog#: 40-4050-50
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Nonenzymatic RNA-templated Synthesis of N3′→P5′ Phosphoramidate DNA
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Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract]  The RNA world hypothesis describes a scenario where early life forms relied on RNA to govern both inheritance and catalyze useful chemical reactions. Prior to the emergence of enzymes capable of replicating the RNA genome, a nonenzymatic replication process would have been necessary to initiate Darwinian Evolution. However, the one-pot nonenzymatic RNA chemical copying of templates with mixed-sequences is insufficient to generate strand products long enough to encode useful function. The use of alternate (RNA-like) genetic polymers may overcome hurdles associated with RNA copying, and further our understanding of nonenzymatic copying chemistry. This protocol describes the nonenzymatic copying of RNA templates into N3′→P5′ phosphoramidate DNA (3′-NP-DNA). We describe, in detail, the ... [摘要]  [摘要 ] RNA世界假说描述了一种场景,即早期生命形式依赖于RNA来控制遗传和催化有用的化学反应。在能够复制RNA基因组的酶出现之前,必须进行非酶复制过程以启动达尔文进化论。然而,具有混合序列的模板的一锅法非酶RNA化学复制不足以产生足够长的链产物以编码有用的功能。使用替代的(类似RNA的)遗传聚合物可以克服与RNA复制相关的障碍,并进一步我们对非酶复制化学的理解。该协议描述了将RNA模板非酶复制到N3'→P5' 氨基磷酸酯中的过程DNA(3'-NP-DNA)。我们详细描述了被2-氨基咪唑(3'-NH 2 -2AIpddN)活化的3'-氨基-2',3'-二脱氧核糖核苷酸单体的合成及其在模板指导的聚合反应中的用途。


[背景 ] 的Prim itive生命形式可能包括能够复制和功能的基因组中,一空间限定的隔室中包封的(绍斯塔克等人,2001;绍斯塔克,2012;布莱恩和Szostak,2014) 。在能够复制RNA基因组的酶出现之前,非酶复制过程可能是启动达尔文进化所必需的(Szostak,2012和2017)。由于RNA具有催化重要的化学反应(例如蛋白质合成)并在现代生物学环境中充当遗传信息载体的能力,因此它是原始遗传聚合物的逻辑候选物。

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Conjugation of Duplexed siRNN Oligonucleotides with DD-HyNic Peptides for Cellular Delivery of RNAi Triggers
Author:
Date:
2016-04-05
[Abstract]  Despite the great promise that short interfering RNA (siRNA) induced RNAi responses hold as a therapeutic modality, due to their size (~15 kDa) and high negative charge (Bumcrot et al., 2006), siRNAs have no bioavailability and require a delivery agent to enter cells (Figure 1). TAT peptide transduction domain (PTD) has been developed as an agent that mediates cellular delivery of macromolecular therapeutics that otherwise lack bioavailability, making it a tantalizing candidate for siRNA delivery (Farkhani et al., 2014). Unfortunately, when conjugated to TAT PTD, the presence of 40 negative phosphodiester backbone charges on siRNA neutralizes the cationic PTD resulting in aggregation and poor cellular delivery (Meade and Dowdy, 2007). In light of this, we synthesized a ... [摘要]  尽管由于它们的大小(〜15kDa)和高负电荷(Bumcrot等人,2006),短干扰RNA(siRNA)诱导的RNAi反应保持作为治疗模式的巨大希望,siRNA没有生物利用度,需要递送剂进入细胞(图1)。 TAT肽转导结构域(PTD)已经被开发为介导大分子治疗剂的细胞递送的药剂,否则其缺乏生物利用度,使其成为siRNA递送的诱人候选物(Farkhani等人,2014)。不幸的是,当缀合到TAT PTD时,siRNA上40个负磷酸二酯主链电荷的存在中和了导致聚集和差的细胞递送的阳离子PTD(Meade和Dowdy,2007)。鉴于此,我们合成了称为siRibo核中性的中性RNAi触发物,用于与TAT PTD缀合(Meade等人,2014)。简言之,带负电荷的磷酸二酯主链通过具有生物可逆磷酸三酯保护基团的合成来中和,其通过细胞质限制性硫酯酶的作用特异性地转化为细胞内的带电磷酸二酯键,产生可诱导RNAi应答的野生型siRNA。在这里我们描述了与TAT PTD递送结构域(DD)HyNic肽的siRNN寡核苷酸的缀合和细胞递送。

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