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Xylazine hydrochloride

甲苯噻嗪盐酸盐

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: X1251
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Transplantation of Embryonic Cortical Tissue into Lesioned Adult Brain in Mice
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Date:
2017-06-20
[Abstract]  Transplantation of embryonic cortical tissue for repairing the damaged brain has provided a potential therapy for brain injury and diseases. The grafted tissue can successfully survive and participate in reestablishing the functional neural circuit of the host brain. Transplantation surgery can be combined with fluorescently labeled transgenic mice to evaluate the reconstruction of neuronal network (Falkner et al., 2016) and the repopulation of a subset of cortical cells. By using this approach, we have shown that infiltrating cells from host brain can restore the microglial population in the graft tissue (Wang et al., 2016). This protocol describes the detailed procedure of the transplantation surgery in mice, including establishing a lesion model in the host brain, ... [摘要]  移植胚胎皮质组织修复损伤的大脑已经为脑损伤和疾病提供了潜在的治疗方法。 移植组织可以成功地存活并参与重建宿主大脑的功能性神经回路。 移植手术可以与荧光标记的转基因小鼠结合,以评估神经元网络的重建(Falkner等,2016)和皮质细胞亚群的再次增殖。 通过使用这种方法,我们已经显示来自宿主大脑的浸润细胞可以恢复移植组织中的小胶质细胞群体(Wang等,2016)。 该方案描述了小鼠移植手术的详细步骤,包括在宿主脑中建立病变模型,制备胚胎皮质移植物,并将胚胎皮质移植物移植到成年大脑中。
【背景】成年大脑中的大多数神经元是后有丝分裂细胞,并且不能再生新的子细胞,这导致在患有脑损伤或疾病后自我修复成人脑的能力有限。用胚胎神经移植代替损伤的脑组织是修复成人大脑受损神经通路的潜在有效疗法之一(Tuszynski,2007)。自20世纪70年代以来,这个研究领域引起了很多关注(Das和Altman,1972; Bjorklund和Stenevi,1979年),在过去三十年中取得了显着的成功。这些研究表明,移植组织中的神经元可以成功地在宿主大脑中存活,并开发传播预测以重建宿主和供体神经元之间的突触连接(Gaillard和Roger,2000; Gaillard等,2004; Gaillard,2007; Gaillard et al ,2007; Falkner et ...

Assay to Evaluate Vascular Permeability Induction in Mice
Author:
Date:
2013-11-20
[Abstract]  Dengue virus infection usually courses as a benign self-limited fever, called dengue fever. However, on occasions it can progress to a life-threatening complication known as severe dengue (SD). A hallmark of SD is a sharp increase in vascular permeability. Secondary infections are considered a risk factor to develop SD, presumably through a mechanism called Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE) of infection in cells with the capacity to bind antigen-antibody complexes, such as macrophages, and to trigger a subsequent aberrant cytokine response. The massive release of cytokine from macrophages has been postulated to cause changes in vascular permeability. The vascular permeability assay presented in this protocol is designed to assess whether any compound or cell-secreted product ... [摘要]  登革热病毒感染通常称为良性自限发热,称为登革热。然而,偶尔,它可以进展为严重登革热(SD)的危及生命的并发症。 SD的标志是血管通透性的急剧增加。二次感染被认为是发展SD的风险因素,可能是通过在具有结合抗原 - 抗体复合物(例如巨噬细胞)能力的细胞中感染的感染的机制,称为抗体依赖性增强(ADE)引发随后的异常细胞因子应答。已经假定巨噬细胞中细胞因子的大量释放导致血管通透性的变化。在该方案中呈现的血管渗透性测定设计为评估来自患者的血清中存在的任何化合物或细胞分泌的产物或可溶性因子是否可以在小鼠中诱导血浆渗漏。在实验室中使用该测试以确定在存在促进性抗体的情况下由登革热病毒或登革热病毒感染的巨噬细胞在体外产生的细胞因子和可溶性因子是否能够在体内诱导血浆渗漏。在存在促进抗体的情况下,将巨噬细胞用登革病毒或登革热病毒感染48小时。此后,收集含有由巨噬细胞释放的细胞因子和可溶性因子的条件上清液,并腹膜内接种到CD-1小鼠中。在第一次接种后二十四小时,用伊文思蓝染料以第二剂量再次接种小鼠。再过24小时后,对小鼠实施安乐死,通过分光光度分析测定血液和肺中存在的伊文思蓝的量。该测定能够显示条件培养基在接种的动物中诱导血管通透性改变的能力的差异(Puerta-Guardo等人,2013)。

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