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Nunc Lab-Tek II Chamber Slide System

Nunc TM Lab-Tek TM II Chamber Slide TM系统

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 154534
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Lentiviral Knockdown of Transcription Factor STAT1 in Peromyscus leucopus to Assess Its Role in the Restriction of Tick-borne Flaviviruses
Author:
Date:
2017-12-05
[Abstract]  Cellular infection with tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs) results in activation of the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway and subsequent upregulation of numerous genes termed IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) (Schoggins et al., 2011). Many ISGs function to prevent virus pathogenesis by acting in a broad or specific manner through protein-protein interactions (Duggal and Emerman, 2012). The potency of the IFN signaling response determines the outcome of TBFV infection (Best, 2017; Carletti et al., 2017). Interestingly, data from our lab show that TBFV replication is significantly restricted in cells of the reservoir species Peromyscus leucopus thereby suggesting a potent antiviral response (Izuogu et al., 2017). We assessed the relative contribution of IFN ... [摘要]  蜱传黄热病病毒(TBFV)的细胞感染导致干扰素(IFN)信号传导途径的激活和随后称为IFN刺激基因(ISG)(Schoggins等人,2011)的众多基因的上调。许多ISG通过蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用以广泛或特定的方式起作用来防止病毒发病(Duggal和Emerman,2012)。 IFN信号反应的效力决定了TBFV感染的结果(Best,2016; Carletti等人,2017)。有趣的是,我们实验室的数据显示TBFV复制在储库物种Peromyscus leucopus的细胞中显着受到限制,从而表明有效的抗病毒应答(Izuogu等人,2017)。我们评估干扰素信号对抗性的相对贡献。通过敲低IFN反应途径中的主要转录因子来抑制白血病。信号转导和转录激活因子1(STAT1)是专门针对在P。 leucopus细胞通过shRNA技术。我们进一步测试了基因敲低对细胞对IFN反应和限制病毒复制的能力的影响;结果表明当STAT1表达被改变时,leucopus细胞对IFN刺激的反应降低,并且对TBFV复制显着更敏感。

【背景】IFN信号是抵抗侵入宿主细胞的黄病毒的第一道防线(Robertson等人,2009; Lazear和Diamond,2015)。通过模式识别受体(PRR)检测与病毒颗粒相关的分子标记,然后通过转录因子引发下游信号从细胞释放1型IFN(Kawai ...

Proximal Ligation Assay (PLA) on Lung Tissue and Cultured Macrophages to Demonstrate Protein-protein Interaction
Author:
Date:
2017-11-05
[Abstract]  In this protocol, we describe proximal ligation assay (PLA), an antibody-based detection method for protein-protein interaction. This method relies on specific binding of individual primary antibodies to the two putative interacting proteins. The primary antibodies need to have different hosts. The secondary antibodies against the two hosts have complementary oligonucleotide moieties attached to them. If the two antigens are in close proximity (presumably interacting with each other), the complementary oligonucleotides can anneal and fluorescent nucleotides can be incorporated in a single DNA polymerization step. Under a microscope, these reactions appear as punctate fluorescent spots, indicating successful PLA reaction and suggesting protein-protein interaction between the two antigens. [摘要]  在这个协议中,我们描述近端连接测定(PLA),一种基于抗体的蛋白质相互作用检测方法。 这种方法依赖于个别一抗与两个推定的相互作用蛋白的特异性结合。 一抗需要有不同的宿主。 针对两种宿主的二抗具有与其连接的互补的寡核苷酸部分。 如果两种抗原紧密接近(推测彼此相互作用),则互补的寡核苷酸可以退火,并且荧光核苷酸可以并入单个DNA聚合步骤中。 在显微镜下,这些反应表现为点状荧光斑点,表明成功的PLA反应并提示两种抗原之间的蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用。

【背景】近端连接测定法(PLA)是基于抗体的技术,以确定两种蛋白质是否彼此具有40nm。以这种方式检测到的蛋白质可以通过荧光来识别(Ho等人,2012; Banerjee等人,2015)。这使得PLA成为定位蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用的极好工具。 Toll样受体(TLR)途径的激活是致病性威胁的先天性免疫应答的重要组成部分。 TLR识别病原体相关分子并诱导信号级联以实现对感染的快速响应。 TLR2和TLR4是TLR家族的两个研究得非常好的成员,它们对不同的刺激有反应。尽管两种受体都响应细菌感染而激活,但只有TLR4响应脂多糖暴露。它们激活一些共享的信号级联,但包括MyD88 / Traf6通路。该途径的诱导包括形成被称为myddosome的信号复合物(Gay等人,2011; Xiong等人,2011; ...

Phagocytosis Assay of Necroptotic Cells by Cardiac Myofibroblasts
Author:
Date:
2017-09-20
[Abstract]  In myocardial infarction (MI), a plenty of cardiomyocytes undergo necrosis and necroptosis due to the lack of oxygen and nutrients. The dead cardiomyocytes are promptly engulfed by phagocytes. When the dead cells are not engulfed, the noxious contents of the cells are released outside, and thus, induce inflammation, and obstruct the function of organs. Therefore, phagocytosis is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of organs. Herein, we describe a protocol of an in vitro phagocytosis assay of necroptotic cells. [摘要]  在心肌梗死(MI)中,由于缺氧和营养,大量心肌细胞发生坏死和坏死。 死亡心肌细胞迅速吞噬吞噬细胞。 当死细胞不被吞没时,细胞的有害物质被释放到外部,从而引起炎症,并阻碍器官的功能。 因此,吞噬对维持器官的体内平衡至关重要。 在这里,我们描述了一种神经细胞的体外吞噬作用测定方案。
【背景】以前,认为坏死性坏死细胞和坏死核细胞只能通过心脏巨噬细胞在失败的心脏中消除。 然而,我们发现负责组织纤维化的心脏肌成纤维细胞在MI后吞噬死细胞(Nakaya等,2017)。 本文中,我们提供了一种细胞凋亡细胞的体外吞噬作用的详细方案,采用在caspase-3抑制剂Z-VAD-FMK中通过TNF-α刺激进行人脑坏死的L929细胞。

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